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Bien à vous, Cheya



Chapter 3: Disparaging the "Other"

It's always interesting to me how as humans, we have a carnal tendency to want to feel as if we're superior than any one else in the room. It's a carnal tendency to be scared of vulnerability and so as a result, we find ourselves unintentionally 'disparaging the other'.

The white race has been the superior race for as long as we can remember. This chapter specifically covers the disparagement of Native Americans, Africans, Mexicans and Asians. Whenever the superior race decided they felt 'threatened' in any way shape of form, they would justify their belittling acts as improving the nation. It makes me wonder how the people of strong faith and belief in God and His laws acted during these belittling acts.


Chapter 4: "Bamboozling" Stereotypes through the 20th Century

I love what Dr. Vernon said in the powerpoint that "stereotypes can, and do change, but cliches die hard." Stereotypes exist and it takes a strong member in the family to break that generational bond. All it takes is one person to watch something with their friends and family and provide their thoughts and educate to others that it's only a formed opinion that one is less than the other. There's no factual evidence which is why people shouldn't be treated differently otherwise; this includes the concept of sexism too.

It's amazing to hear when people of color and minority (women, LGTBQ+) make breakthroughs in society. Whether it's Hollywood, New York, the workplace, common hangouts, stereotypes still exist. But on the bright side, things are improving little by little. And even though it's as if we're taking 2 steps forward, 1 step back, as Christians we can bring light and love whenever we find ourselves in front of these stereotypes.

Chapter 5 & 6: Race, Culture & Gender in the New Media Age

Within the new media age, things seem to be slowly looking up for the minorities. However, there are still racial stereotypes in pop culture. When it came to Tyler Perry and his Madea movies, it always made me wonder what made him go their route and how does it make black people feel? From experience and observations, some like it and some don't.

I feel like there is a small line that's crossed when it comes to conforming to get in front of more people. I guess the question is that once you do have the leverage and get in front of more people, do you now use that platform to say what everyone else has been thinking?

For the longest time, I remember only seeing Asian Americans in cartoons. And if they were in live-action movies, they were the villain or they portrayed a nerdy man, a ditsy girl or a sexy woman. Nothing more, nothing less. Even in the Disney's TV show The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, Brenda Song, the asian character was ditsy. She was portrayed as a rich, snobby daughter. It wasn't until recently in Crazy Rich Asians that I finally saw the Asian race as portrayed as somewhat competent in the media industry. But even then, it wasn't a completely accurate portrayal Asian Americans.

Chapter 7: Marketing & Advertising

As someone who works closely in the marketing industry, I was shocked with what I had learned in this chapter. I knew that whitewashing occurred worldwide but I was absolutely bewildered by the Asian commercial about the washing machine. The mass media ignores people of color because whiteness and white culture has been the "angel" color and standard for pop culture.

Stereotypes that are in advertising do well because it feeds on the human's need to think that one is better than the other. These advertisements that make the white community feel superior are unfortunately the ones that people choose to make until someone takes a stand.

Chapter 9: Advocacy - Keeping Their Feet to the Fire

I'm happy that in the midst of all these ridiculous and unwarranted thoughts and ideas, there is always an advocate. However, people of minority needs more than just a seat at the table. They need a seat at the main table. The table where the superiors make the decisions. This is how I feel that things could catapult. When people of minority receive equal pay, equal opportunity, equal promotions in the media.

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Summary:

The African Doctor is a French comedy-drama film based in 2016 in a city north of Paris. The film is originally known as Bienvenue a Marly-Gomont. The film follows a doctor, Seyolo Zantoko, leaving and taking his family out of their home in Zaire/Congo, and settling in a small French village.

The movie begins with Dr. Seyolo Zantoko struggling to find a way to stay in France. Conveniently, the mayor of the small village meets with Seyolo at a bar and expresses his need of finding a doctor for the village. The mayor is hesitant and tries hard to discourage Seyolo from the job. Seyolo realizes that it is because he is Black and convinces the mayor that he is capable of “fitting in” and doing his job.

The movie then continues on with Seyolo and his family settling into the village. Through the scenes of Seyolo’s children struggling to fit in in class, his wife losing confidence in her place each day, and a painful pregnant woman neglecting help from Seyolo, the directors of the film portray the African struggle, even in 2016.

As the movie strings along, Seyolo reaches a breaking point and makes more of an effort to go out and connect with the community. He spends his time at the local bar, the market square and the neighborhood and connects with the village. When he finally gets a patient to come into the clinic, the patients leave him without any payment.

The Zantokos struggle as they continue on without patients, heat or happiness. Seyolo tries to make ends meet by helping out a farmer outside the office.

The mood changes when the family and friends visit the Zantokos during Christmas time and sings a Christmas song. Seyolo gets angry at them for not ‘acting’ the way ‘normal’ people should.

The breakthrough of the movie is when there’s an emergency pregnancy and the baby has to be delivered early. The only doctor in the area is Seyolo and he works with the frustrating mother as a team to deliver the baby.

As the movie progresses, it’s a constant cycle between the family enjoying their time there and the family regretting their decision. Once Seyolo sees how amazing his daughter is at soccer, his whole attitude for his family changes.

Race was represented in the film when the villagers would not come to the village doctor, Seyolo. Having an African doctor was not something that they were used to. Class was represented in the film when Seyolo decided that he would help out a farmer in order to make ends meet. He and his family were used to the high-life and celebrating and luxurious parties... in the village, however, is something completely different. The village he was sent to is a village of lower class where he was used to middle and high-class communities.

Throughout the film, these concepts weren't presented as issues necessarily. However it was a prevalent issue that Seyolo and his family had a hard time connecting with the villagers. You can see this when Seyolo tries to get people to come to his clinic and when his wife pretends that she's living a grand life when she tells stories to her friends and family. Interestingly enough, these "issues" were resolved at the end of the story.


My response:

I truly enjoyed the movie. This cinematic depiction strengthened my understanding of these constructs. However, I didn't know that I would enjoy the movie until towards the very end. The compassion showed by the Zantokos as well as the community was overwhelming. The ending truly was a surprise, but it definitely made the film worth it. 
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Image result for gender roles

Chapter 5:

How important is it to you to keep your name or take your partner's name if you marry?

For me, I personally don't think it matters! I'm open to keep my own name or my partner's name. When I was younger, I definitely had dreamt of taking my partner's name because having a name that was practically last in the alphabet never gave me extra benefits. Now that I'm in graduate school, it doesn't matter to me whether or not my name starts with a W. I also thought about if I were to become a doctor, an MD, or if I were to pursue a Doctorate's and have my PhD, I would most likely want to keep my name because I was the one who went through long years of education. (Wouldn't you?)


Chapter 6:

Look at the ads in magazines you enjoy reading. Describe the feminine and masculine ideals that are reflected in them.

Image result for magazine ads

The feminine ideals that are portrayed in this magazine ad is the feminine color and grace. The celebrity in this ad has a defined chin and sleek nose which embodies the feminine idealism of beauty. She also has long eyelashes and rosy cheeks indicating that females tend to be flirty and cheeky. The "mark" font that was used is also a feminine font in that it's defined yet soft and thin.

Related image

The masculine ideals that are portrayed in this magazine ad is prevalent through the female in the photo. Men want to feel and know that they're attractive and sought out. This ad does that with the female kissing his cheek. Men usually also want to feel like they're in control. This ad portrays that with his eyes looking straight into the camera as if saying "I'm just standing here. And look."

Chapter 7:

How did your parents model masculinity and femininity? Does your own embodiment of gender reflect their influences?

My traditional Asian parents modeled masculinity and femininity as one would think they would. My father fulfilled the masculine gender roles and mother fulfilled the feminine female gender roles. For most of their relationship, my father was the breadwinner in the family and my mother was the care-taker of the home and family. She would cook, clean and take care of the children. My dad would focus on making ends meet.

For a long time, their relationship heavily influenced my embodiment of gender. It was only after meeting my fiancé that I realized for some cultures, gender roles works. But as GenZ/Millennials in America, our relationship works better when we assume both "roles" and just accomplishes certain tasks as we go through it day by day. I have a tendency to want to take care of my partner and I also have a tendency to expect that he would pay for certain things, or make the first gestures, etc., but having no expectations results in our relationship to thrive.

Chapter 12:

Is bombing abortion clinics or killing doctors who provide abortion reproductive violence? If bombings and threats of them discourage medical professionals from performing abortions or if fear of harm discourages women from going to clinics, is that interference with their right to choose whether, when and with whom to reproduce?

Bombing abortion clinics and killing doctors who provide abortion is violence period. In this context, think that bombings and threats and causing fear is interference with their right to choose. If women have a right to choose, the natural act is to let women be. Doing anything else is keeping them from using their right.
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Film Analysis #1: Boy Erased

Boy Erased is about a Pastor’s son, Jared, who realizes that he is not attracted to the opposite sex. He then participates in a church-oriented program called the Refuge Program. The film goes back and forth from time of the program to when Jared has significant interactions with either men or women. We begin to see how he first realized he was gay. His first physical encounter with man was when he was raped by his college friend. He’s pressured to not say anything to anyone which would obviously change who he is as a person. That same person then tries to sabotage Jared's family by calling his parents and lying about what had happened. After his family realized that it was a lie, his dad tries to set up Jared again with his ex-girlfriend. Jared admits that he’s had thoughts about same-sex relationships and his parents call for help from a pastor and a church friend who’s, as the mom says, “dealt with this before”. His dad then asks Jared, “are you willing to change?”. When Jared says yes, everyone in the room, his parents, the pastor and the church friend, rejoices and prays.

Refuge Program (for LGBTQ) is led by a Mr. Sykes. He composes all these rules that the participants must follow, including no contact and not allowing any discussion of the program to their families. The program is a Christian program designed for the participants to see that LBTQ is a “sin”.

The people in the film are mostly middle class. The program consists of 90% men and 10% women. The men and women are hosted in the same class in the program. The scene of My. Sykes drawing on a white board is a major sin in regards to the topic of Gender, Sex and Class. Mr. Sykes, the Director of the program drew a Venn diagram on a white board and split up the categories and listed things to support that category in his own way. Sykes insisted both categories were choices and produce consequences. Sykes was intentional in making sure that those who were choosing to love or pick to be same sex or gender is acting in sin.

Diagram:
Heterosexual - marriage, family, support, acceptance
Gay/SSA - rape/abuse, promiscuity, aids, loneliness, sinful

At the Refuge Program, Mr. Sykes exploits the parents and forbids the participants to tell their parents. Inside the program, Mr. Sykes has everyone stand up one by one, tell their story, confess their sin and repent.

Everyone who works for the program has a very sadistic view of homosexuals. While Jared goes to the bathroom, a counselor comes in to watch him and calls him a faggot.

Later, in the program, he meets a guy named Xavier. Jared asks him about God and sees his response. At this point in the movie, Jared is trying to figure out who God is and compares himself to Job. Jared tells him that he believes in God and tells Jared that he can show him that God won't "strike down on him." 

Jared also makes another friend who preaches "fake it till you make it." Eventually, every participant there understands that in order to officially "pass" the program, you have to just fake that you're "healed".

While completing the program, Jared and his mom stays at a local hotel where they grow closer together. His mom slowly realizes that this program is not the best program for him. The other boys however have a different experience. One of the participants "acted" on his homosexuality and the next day, his family beats him with the Bible saying "Get out, demon" in front of everyone in the program.

Throughout the movie, we see Jared's story and emotions unravel, but we also see several other characters in the program process their thoughts and their experiences. 

The resolution of this movie was one of my favorite parts: when his parents begin to love him and accept him and realize that they had hurt him.

My response:

Rating: 6/10
I won't give away the ending but as I summarize the significant scenes above, we can see that gender was represented throughout the whole film. The concepts of gender and homosexuality were encountered as issues in the film and was addressed by claiming that "it was a sin" and that "God hates homosexuals." With most of the characters, the issues were never really resolved by the end of the film. Jared's mom's issue with Jared was resolved... and I would like to think that his dad's was resolved, but in a different way.

I admire how Jared's mom fought and loved Jared throughout the whole movie. My favorite part was towards the end, Jared's mom says "I love God, God loves me. It's that simple."

I recommend this movie because of its storytelling. Although, watching the movie made me quite sad. But I don't recommend this movie if you're wanting to validate your beliefs and perceptions of homosexuality. However, this movie does highlight the trauma and pain that a Christian LGBTQ goes through by his/her own family and church. 

Overall, if you're a Christian wanting to challenge yourself in your personal beliefs and perceptions of LGBTQ, this movie might be next on your watch list.
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Chapter 1:

If you have traveled to other countries and experienced other cultures, what differences from U.S. views of women and men and masculinity and femininity did you notice?

I've traveled to many different countries but the one culture that I noticed a huge difference in gender views was Indonesia. I was born and raised until the age of 7 in Indonesia. Growing up in the States, whenever I visit Indonesia, I can sense the differences in the views of women and men.

Firstly, the men are viewed as the superior race in the Asian culture. However, what's interesting for the Indonesian culture is that the women are viewed as the wiser. Our saying goes something like this: "The man may be the head. But the woman is the neck." The man may be the face of the family, but the woman controls what goes in behind the scenes. Unfortunately, in cases where abuse is involved, in my culture the man is often the one that society believes and the woman gets the shame.

In Indonesia, chivalry is evident. Women are viewed as the one that should be respected in community settings. In public gatherings, the men brings the drinks, the food, pulls out the chair, etc. But at home, the women are the ones at work.

When it comes to masculinity and femininity, the Indonesian culture and views are very strict. If you're a male who acts flamboyant and has a feminine flare, you're automatically the black sheep. This also goes for if you're a female who acts tomboy-ish and is very masculine. Men are required to be as masculine as possible; this means acting dominant, even aggressive. And the women are required to be as feminine as possible; this means charming, relationship-oriented, etc.

Chapter 2:

Think about your relationship with your parents. How were your connections to your father and mother similar and different? If you have siblings of a different sex, how were their relationships with your parents different from yours?

Growing up, I was closest to my grandmother. She raised me and took care of me and my sister when we first moved to the States because both my parents had to work. As I grew older, my mother was home more often than my father. My mother worked 7am-6pm every weekday and comes home just before sunset on Fridays. My father worked 7:30am-10:30pm every Sunday and each weekday and comes home just in time for Sabbath. They worked very hard to make sure my sister and I had every opportunity as possible while being in the States.

But as a result of my father working hard every day, I spent more time with my mother. I talked about life things to mom, and only about car, soccer and occasionally Adventism with dad. It was different but it made sense at the time. I remember being in middle school and catching a glimpse of a scene from The Secret Life of an American Teenager, and the teen girl going car shopping with her mom and her dad getting really offended. Her dad says something along the lines of, "you go shopping for pads and tampons with mom, but you're supposed to go shopping for your first car with me." Ever since seeing that scene, I always recognized how I saw my dad as the masculine lead in the family. 

My sister and I are the only two children in the family, so I don't have a sibling of a different sex. However, growing up, my parents preached on a consistent basis that as much as they loved raising daughters, their families would always say that it's 'easier to raise 100 sheep than one daughter.' I vividly remember my parents telling me that if I was a boy, I would be able to play outside longer, I would be able to go over friends houses, I would be able to do x, y, z.

Although being a man sounds like the 'safer' option, I quite like who God has made me to be,

Chapter 3:

To what extent do you think it is possible for women to be both politically engaged feminists and sexy and conventionally feminine?

Personally, I don't think that this is a valid question. This question alone presents the double standards that men and female have. However, from a societal's point of view, this question does come up very often. And if it doesn't, it's because 'sexy and conventionally feminine' politically engaged feminists aren't even given the platform.

Because of this, I think politically-engaged feminists are amazing and deserves all the admiration. But to get as far as the typical politically engaged man would, feminists would have to 'filter' themselves to an extent. This 'extent' borders the line of charming and sophisticated to flirty and vivacious. However, I feel that as long as women can prove their knowledge and provide strong arguments as politically engaged feminists, it shouldn't matter if they want to act sexy and conventionally feminine.

In fact, I think that it's time that we as a symbol of feminism can use it to our advantage!

Chapter 4:

Compose a letter to a significant man in your life. Drawing on the knowledge you have gained in reading this chapter, you might offer your own definition of what it means to be a good man or invite this man into a dialogue with you about issues related to men and masculinity.

Dear future husband,

I want a good man. What does that mean to to you?
You're a Christ follower. But do you really love God?
I need a good man who loves God.

I want a good man. What does that mean to you?
The struggle is real. But will you stay strong through our struggles?
I need a good man who is strong.

I want a good man. What does that mean to you?
Commitment is scary. But will you respect and stay loyal?
I need a good man who is is a promise keeper.

I want a good man. What does that mean to you?
A present father is what my future kids will need. But will you stay around when it gets hard?
I need a good man who doesn't give up when the going gets hard.

I want a good man. What does that mean to you?
Walking in my shoes is a difficult thing to do. But will you lend an ear and extend your hand?
I need a good man who fights for me and appreciates me for who I am.

I want a good man. What does that mean to you?
Community is necessary. Mentors even so. But will you keep your eyes on the prize?
I need a good man who talks to God before he goes to his friends.

I want a good man. What does that mean to you? 

- C.W.
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"Language Influences Our View of Reality"
The phrase “language influences our view of reality” means that our experiences, the way we communicate, how we communicate to others and receive communication from others affect how we live, affect how we see the world and affect our personal reality. 

I speak two languages, Indonesian and English, fluently and one language, French, semi-fluently. English and Indonesian has influenced my view of reality in the idea that my language has changed my perceptions of people. When it comes to Indonesians, the Indonesian language takes on a more respectful stance. When it comes to Americans, the English languages enforces a casual stance.

Non-Verbal Language of a Culture
It's extremely useful to understand the non-verbal language of a culture because it could be completely left-field for other cultures. Some things could seem unexpected but in all actuality, is really important in determining the signage of the culture.

For example, in Brazil, the "ok"- gesture that one makes with their fingers is disrespectful. In fact, in Brazil, it's equivalent to the middle finger. Where in America, the fingers shaped and gesturing "ok" is completely fine. But if Americans were to travel and headed to Brazil and did that shape with their hands to a Brazilian, it may be misinterpreted as a sign of disrespect. 

I have had a misunderstanding in my own culture as well. For Indonesians, it is very rude to hand over things to people with their left hand. However, in America, we don't think twice about that. Because I had lived in the States for a long time, I was not conscious of this being a disrespect to others. So when I visited Indonesia, I was handing out plates during a family get together. I started with my left hand and was scolded by my grandmother. I hadn't realized that my family members were offended that I didn't use my right hand. I apologized and further explained that in America, this was not the case. But had someone else of a different language did that in my culture, they would not be able to explain what the actual intention was.

Obstacles to Reading Nonverbals
One huge obstacle to accurately reading the nonverbal messages of others is whether or not they are accurately giving nonverbal messages. The provider may know a nonverbal as one thing and the receiver may know that same nonverbal as another thing.

Among Us
Out of the problems and issues presented in the intercultural experiences of the authors, I found the story of adopted child with the White parents most challenging to address if I was the one having that experience.  If I were the parents, I would most certainly give her a name from her real origin rather than a random Asian country. I would also inform her about her culture and heritage as she grows older and provide her an opportunity to be around people of her same culture.


"Changing the world is within the reach of every one of us. Once we understand our capabilities, we cannot avoid our responsibilities.” - Lustig & Koester (2006)
Simply put, as a competent intercultural communication, my capabilities and responsibilities are to use the skills and opportunities I have to speak for those who cannot.
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Importance of a person's sense of self-worth in media
It is extremely important to a person’s sense of self-worth to “see” people like himself or herself in the newspapers, on television, in magazines, and in other media outlets.  Life in Hollywood is completely glorified, and because of that, it causes people to feel as if they are less than if they don't see someone they can resonate with in Hollywood. It's unfortunate but it is our reality. 

Even growing up, I realized that there were not as many Asians on TV as I would have liked. And if there were, they were either portrayed as hyper-sexualized or as a nerd that has deep "weird" secrets. It made me think that I could never have huge goals because I didn't see any Asians portrayed in media who seemed respectable. 

Isolation and Marginality with Groups
I genuinely believe that students from many different groups still experience isolation and marginality. Because of this, we could incorporate change by having the desire to understand these students of different groups. And not only having the desire, but to also reach out and take initiative to invite these students to American functions. Change only needs to happen from one person. 

Imahori's Decision to Change
As much as I am uncomfortable to the name change, I do understand why he made the decision. I am uncertain as to whether or not I agree, but I can empathize and see as to why he may have felt like he had no choice. 

Growing up, I used to wonder why my parents didn't just spell my name 'Chelsea' and have it pronounced as 'Chel-sea' rather than 'Chel-see-yah". It made it more difficult for me to assimilate, I felt at that time. But as I grew older, I came to appreciate, embrace and love my name. 
  
White Privilege
I accept the description of privilege, 'even if the white person does not have economic means', for those from European American cultures. Color matters. Not to me, but to many people it does. I love and embrace the fact that I am not white but I am conscious of the fact that not many people have this same belief as me. 

I accept the description to apply for those of European American cultures because America was taken by Europeans. And so if we were to do a DNA heritage test on a random selection of White Americans, all would have a significant percentage of a heritage from Europe. 

Going back to the color idea, let me give an example. Most European Americans are white. And so if they came to America and inhabited the country, they would choose to apply for a job. Let's say they choose to apply for the same job as an African American. This European American is most likely to be placed higher on the totem pole and have a higher consideration than the African American. Is it discrimination? Absolutely. Does it exist? Absolutely. But the fact that the European American is white, and he or she is applying to an American company and interviewed by White Americans, they have 'white privilege'.

Immigrants in the US
According to the American Progress, the majority of immigrants that migrate to the US today are from Asian countries. It is a strong tie between Asians and Latinos but the Asian population with the US seem to be increasing. 

I feel that immigration in the US is more difficult now than it used to be. Countries of origin seems to not have changed. Public opinion seems to have changed drastically though. Or at the very least, the public opinion has seemed to be more vocal than it used to be. Back then, immigration was not a huge problem. Now, it seems as if it's the worst thing that could happen for America, which is very unfortunate.

Being an immigrant myself, I know that our family was trying to escape a life of sorrow and burdens. America seemed to be this land of hope and dreams. In some sense, it still is. Which is why there is a higher number of immigrants originating from certain parts of the world that are more terrible than the parts where life seems to be okay for them there.
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